Hosts/BSD: Difference between revisions
Line 125: | Line 125: | ||
pkg_add bison | pkg_add bison | ||
pkg_add sdl2 | pkg_add sdl2 | ||
pkg_add bash | |||
TODO: recommended-but-not-required packages? | TODO: recommended-but-not-required packages? |
Revision as of 14:31, 6 February 2019
QEMU on BSD hosts
This documentation is not written by a BSD expert - corrections welcome!
QEMU can be built on BSD hosts. At the moment most QEMU developers are Linux users, though, so BSD is not very well supported.
This page includes documentation of how to get the various BSD flavours running in a VM inside QEMU, so that Linux-based developers can do build tests on them. If you're running natively on BSD you can ignore the "VM setup" instructions.
FreeBSD
VM setup
Download and uncompress the official FreeBSD qcow2 image from
https://download.freebsd.org/ftp/releases/VM-IMAGES/11.0-RELEASE/amd64/Latest/
Run the image with:
qemu-system-x86_64 -m 2048 \ -hda FreeBSD-11.0-RELEASE-amd64.qcow2 -enable-kvm \ -netdev user,id=mynet0,hostfwd=tcp:127.0.0.1:7722-:22 \ -device e1000,netdev=mynet0
(TODO: check virtio works and recommend that instead.)
Enable networking and ssh by adding these lines to /etc/rc.conf:
sshd_enable="YES" ifconfig_em0="DHCP"
Edit /etc/ssh/sshd_config to add
PermitRootLogin prohibit-password
and then reboot the VM or run
service netif restart service sshd start
Copy your ssh public key into the VM's /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
You should now be able to ssh into the VM from outside with
ssh -p 7722 root@localhost
Required packages
Install enough packages to do builds:
pkg update pkg install git pkg install gcc pkg install gmake pkg install python pkg install pkgconf pkg install pixman pkg install bison pkg install glib
TODO: suggest some not-required-but-recommended packages?
Building
You can configure and build QEMU as you would on Linux:
mkdir build cd build ../configure gmake gmake check
Note that you need to use 'gmake', not plain 'make'.
(NB as of 2017-03-20 you'll also need --disable-user to work around a QEMU bug.)
OpenBSD
VM setup
Get installer, create disk:
qemu-img create -f qcow2 disk.qcow2 15G wget https://www.mirrorservice.org/pub/OpenBSD/6.4/amd64/cd64.iso
Run installer:
qemu-system-x86_64 -m 2048 \ -cdrom cd64.iso \ -drive if=virtio,file=disk.qcow2,format=qcow2 \ -enable-kvm \ -netdev user,id=mynet0,hostfwd=tcp:127.0.0.1:7922-:22 \ -device virtio-net,netdev=mynet0 \ -smp 2
Follow the straightforward install prompts (accepting defaults generally OK). You'll want to enable sshd and allow logins with prohibit-password.
NB: it's important to run the installer with more than one CPU, or it will not install the SMP kernel. To fix this and add the SMP kernel after the initial install enter 'boot hd0a:bsd.rd' at the bootloader prompt to re-run the installer and add the 'bsd.mp' layer.
Reboot when it asks, and when it's rebooted kill the QEMU VM.
Now run the VM on the installed image:
qemu-system-x86_64 -m 2048 \ -drive if=virtio,file=disk.qcow2,format=qcow2 \ -enable-kvm \ -netdev user,id=mynet0,hostfwd=tcp:127.0.0.1:7922-:22 \ -device virtio-net,netdev=mynet0
Copy your ssh public key into root's .ssh/authorized_keys
ssh-copy-id root@localhost
You should now be able to get in to the VM with
ssh root@localhost
Make sure that the filesystem you're building and running QEMU from has the "wxallowed" option set in /etc/fstab, like:
d3651b0622794af6.k /home ffs rw,wxallowed,nodev,nosuid 1 2
then either reboot or use "mount -uo wxallowed /wherever" to set it for this session. (This is necessary because QEMU assumes it can map memory RWX for TCG and 'make check' will fail if it can't.)
Required packages
Install enough packages to build QEMU
pkg_add git pkg_add gmake pkg_add python (select a python 2.7, and run the ln -sf runes to make it default) pkg_add glib2 pkg_add bison pkg_add sdl2 pkg_add bash
TODO: recommended-but-not-required packages?
Building
You can configure and build QEMU as you would on Linux:
mkdir build cd build ../configure gmake
NetBSD
Create a disk image, and grab the install cd image:
qemu-img create -f qcow2 disk.qcow2 15G wget http://cdn.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-7.1/images/NetBSD-7.1-amd64.iso
Run the installer:
qemu-system-x86_64 -m 2048 -enable-kvm \ -drive if=virtio,file=disk.qcow2,format=qcow2 \ -netdev user,id=mynet0,hostfwd=tcp::7722-:22 \ -device e1000,netdev=mynet0 \ -cdrom NetBSD-7.1-amd64.iso
The defaults will generally do. When it gets to the big menu of things to configure at the end of the install: configure networking (select defaults); enable NTP and ntpdate; enable ssh; set a root password.
Reboot into the installed system. Edit /etc/ssh/sshd_config to set 'PermitRootLogin: without-password', and set up ssh authorized keys.
Now you can run the installed image:
qemu-system-x86_64 -m 2048 \ -drive if=virtio,file=disk.qcow2,format=qcow2 \ -enable-kvm \ -netdev user,id=mynet0,hostfwd=tcp:127.0.0.1:7722-:22 \ -device e1000,netdev=mynet0
You should now be able to get in to the VM with
ssh -p 7722 root@localhost
Required packages
Run this to make pkg_add actually work:
export PKG_PATH="http://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/pkgsrc/packages/NetBSD/<PORT>/<RELEASE-NUMBER>/All"
Then install dependencies:
pkg_add git gmake python27 glib2 bison pkgconf pixman
TODO: optional dependencies?
Building
You can configure and build QEMU as you would on Linux:
mkdir build cd build ../configure --python=python2.7 gmake gmake check
Note that you need to use 'gmake', not plain 'make'.
DragonFly BSD
Resources for the installation
There are two options here. One is to use the USB image to boot from it directly, as a raw image, the other one is to use the ISO and install dfly on the qemu host.
Fetch either daily snapshot or the release ISO/image files, links below. At the moment of this writing latest stable version is 4.8.1.
USB image
Stable release: IMG.bz2
Daily snapshot: IMG.bz2
ISO image
Stable release: ISO.bz2
Daily snapshot: ISO.bz2
VM Setup
Option 1. Using the USB IMG file
No need to create a disk image as the USB image itself will act as the raw image disk file for qemu:
qemu-system-x86_64 -m 2048 \ -drive if=virtio,file=DragonFly-x86_64-LATEST-IMG.img,format=raw \ -netdev user,id=mynet0,hostfwd=tcp::7722-:22 \ -device e1000,netdev=mynet0
Note: You will likely find this error while booting. There is a way to make this permanent which is explained below.
Manual root filesystem specification: <fstype>:<device> Specify root (e.g. ufs:da0s1a) ? List valid disk boot devices panic Just panic abort Abort manual input mountroot> ? Possibly valid devices for root FS: "vn0" "vn1" "vn2" "vn3" "md0" "md0s0" "acd0" "vbd0" "vbd0s1" "vbd0s2" "vbd0s2a" "cd0" "sg0"
mountroot> ufs:vbd0s2a Mounting root from ufs:vbd0s2a DMA space used: 1192k, remaining available: 127912k Mounting devfs [...]
To set a device for booting permanently on the USB image:
login: root Last login: Tue Sep 12 17:44:26 2017 on ttyv0 Copyright (c) 2003-2017 The DragonFly Project. Copyright (c) 1992-2003 The FreeBSD Project. Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. DragonFly v4.9.0.653.g8e456-DEVELOPMENT (X86_64_GENERIC) #0: Tue Sep 12 10:48:26 UTC 2017 Welcome to DragonFly! # echo 'vfs.root.mountfrom=ufs:vbd0s2a' >> /boot/loader.conf # reboot
Option 2. Installing from the ISO image
Depending on whether you're going to use UFS or HAMMER you are encouraged to use a specific HDD size since HAMMER works better with +50GB disks. Of course this is not mandatory and you can use whatever size you prefer as long as it's bigger than 10GB.
Create a virtual disk:
qemu-img create -f qcow2 disk.qcow2 15G
Run qemu and boot from CD
qemu-system-x86_64 -m 2048 -boot d \ -cdrom DragonFly-x86_64-LATEST-ISO.iso \ -drive if=virtio,file=disk.qcow2,format=qcow2 \ -netdev user,id=mynet0,hostfwd=tcp::7722-:22 \ -device e1000,netdev=mynet0
For installation instructions you can follow this guide, section "Long Walkthrough of DragonFly BSD Installation and Configuration", although it might not be completely accurate it is a good one: https://www.dragonflybsd.org/varialus/
Configuration
Enable networking and ssh by adding these lines to /etc/rc.conf:
sshd_enable="YES" ifconfig_em0="DHCP"
Copy your ssh public key into the VM's /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
You should now be able to ssh into the VM from outside with
ssh -p 7722 root@localhost
Required packages
Install enough packages to do builds:
pkg install git python pkgconf glib
gcc and binutils are in the base distribution so no need to install them. pixmap is now of of the submodules, so no need to install it either.
Building
Instructions from https://www.qemu.org/download/#source:
git clone git://git.qemu.org/qemu.git cd qemu git submodule init git submodule update --recursive ./configure --prefix=/opt/local gmake gmake check
NOTE: You need to use 'gmake', not plain 'make'.
NOTE-2: Do not use default /usr/local as it is the place where the package system installs the software.